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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 20: eAO6985, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375361

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the association of red cell blood counts, and liver panel tests to predict outcomes in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who underwent systemic antineoplastic treatments. Methods: Patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in systemic treatment were assessed according to laboratory tests within the same period. Progression free survival was determined by the period between the beginning of treatment and the date of progression. We used conditional models (PWP model) to verify the association between laboratory tests and tumor progression. The level of significance used was 5%. Results: A total of 30 treatments given to 17 patients in the intention-to-treat population were evaluated. Treatment included octreotide, lanreotide, everolimus, lutetium, and chemotherapy. We had statistically significant results in chromogranin A, neutrophils and platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio. The risk of progression increases by 2% with the addition of 100ng/mL of chromogranin A (p=0.034), 4% with the increase of 100 neutrophil units (p=0.006), and 21% with the addition of 10 units in platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.002). Conclusion: Chromogranin A, neutrophils and platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with disease progression during systemic treatment in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts are necessary to validate our findings.

2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(3): 278-282, July-Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131670

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Weight loss and body composition changes are common in patients with pancreatic cancer. Computed tomography (CT) images are helpful to investigate body composition and its changes and to discriminate the different kinds of body tissues. Patients with pancreatic cancer routinely undergo CT scans. OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of muscle mass and visceral fat measured by CT with toxicity and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS: We evaluated the imaging of the abdomen of all consecutive adult patients with pancreatic cancer treated between October 2007 and September 2015 in our service, to assess skeletal muscle mass and fat, intramuscular fat and visceral fat. We graded treatment toxicity symptoms according to the Common Toxicity Criteria of the United States National Cancer Institute (version 2.0). RESULTS: The study involved 17 patients, with a mean age of 63 (±10) years (range: 51-73 years). Eleven (65%) were male. The mean initial body mass index (BMI) was 26 kg/m2 (±3) and 23 kg/m2 (±3) after treatment. The mean weight loss was 10.0 kg (±6.8; 13%). Sarcopenia was present in 47% of patients, and it was not associated with significant differences in muscle mass, visceral fat, toxicity or survival. The mean skeletal muscle attenuation was 36 Hounsfield units, not associated with survival or treatment toxicity. Mean muscle mass was not associated with toxicity either. However, there was a significant inverse association between toxicity and visceral fat. CONCLUSION: Muscle mass had no impact on the survival or on treatment toxicity among the patients with pancreatic cancer. However, the visceral fat exerted a protective effect against the treatment toxicity. We stress the importance of further studies on visceral fat associated with prognosis and toxicity in cancer patients.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Perda de peso e mudanças na composição corpórea são frequentes em pacientes com câncer do pâncreas. Imagens de tomografia computadorizada são úteis na investigação da composição corporal e suas mudanças e para discriminar diferentes tipos de tecidos corporais. Pacientes com câncer pancreático são submetidos à tomografia computadorizada rotineiramente. OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre massa muscular e gordura visceral medida por tomografia computadorizada e a toxicidade do tratamento e a sobrevida de pacientes com câncer de pâncreas. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos imagens tomográficas abdominais de todos os pacientes adultos com câncer pancreático consecutivamente tratados entre outubro de 2007 e setembro de 2015 no serviço, para estimativa da massa muscular esquelética e gordura, tecido adiposo intramuscular e visceral. Classificamos a toxicidade do tratamento conforme os Critérios Comuns de Toxicidade do Instituto Nacional do Câncer dos Estados Unidos (versão 2.0). RESULTADOS: O estudo envolveu 17 pacientes, com idade média de 63 (±10) anos (51-73 anos); 11 (65%) homens. O índice de massa corporal médio inicial foi de 26 kg/m2 (±3); 23 kg/m2 (±3) após o tratamento. A perda de peso média foi de 10,0 kg (±6,8; 13%). Observamos sarcopenia em 47% dos pacientes, não associada a diferenças significativas na massa muscular, tecido adiposo visceral, toxicidade ou sobrevivência. A atenuação média do músculo esquelético foi de 36 unidades Hounsfield, não associada à sobrevivência ou toxicidade. A massa muscular média também não foi associada à toxicidade. No entanto, observamos associação inversa significativa entre toxicidade e gordura visceral. CONCLUSÃO: A massa muscular não teve impacto na sobrevida ou na toxicidade do tratamento dos pacientes com câncer pancreático. No entanto, a gordura visceral exerceu efeito protetor contra a toxicidade. Ressaltamos a importância de mais estudos sobre a gordura visceral associada ao prognóstico e à toxicidade em pacientes com câncer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Prognosis , Body Composition , Body Mass Index , Pilot Projects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Sarcopenia , Middle Aged
3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(3): 347-351, July-Sep. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761955

ABSTRACT

Objective To determine the overall survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and evaluate factors that impact prognosis in a private cancer center.Methods Data from the Hospital Cancer Registry at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein were retrospectively collected. The patients enrolled had metastatic cancer at diagnosis or earlier staging and subsequent recurrence. Cases of neuroendocrine tumors were excluded.Results A total of 65 patients were evaluated, including 63 with adenocarcinoma. The median overall survival for patients in all stages was 20.7 months (95%CI: 15.6-25.7), while the overall survival of metastatic disease was 13.3 months. Among the 33 cases with stage IV cancer, there was no evidence of a statistically significant association between median survival and CA19-9 dosage (p=0.212), tumor location (p=0.482), first treatment performed (p=0.337), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.286), and age (p=0.152). However, the number of lines of chemotherapy was significantly associated with survival (log-rank p=0.013), with an estimated median survival of 10.2 months for patients who received up to two lines of treatment and 23.5 months for those receiving more than two lines of chemotherapy.Conclusion The survival of patients treated was longer than that reported in the literature. The only statistically significant factor related to increased survival was higher number of lines of chemotherapy received. We believe that the higher socioeconomic status of patients surveyed in this study, as well as their greater access to treatment options, may have influenced their overall survival.


Objetivo Determinar a sobrevida global dos pacientes com câncer pancreático avançado e avaliar fatores com impacto prognóstico em um centro de câncer privado.Métodos Foram coletados retrospectivamente os dados do Registro de Câncer do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Os pacientes incluídos apresentaram câncer metastático ao diagnóstico ou em estádio mais precoce com recorrência subsequente. Os casos de tumores neuroendócrinos foram excluídos.Resultados Foram avaliados 65 pacientes, incluindo 63 com adenocarcinoma. A sobrevida global mediana dos pacientes em todos os estádios foi 20,7 meses (IC95%: 15,6-25,7), enquanto a sobrevida global de doença metastática foi de 13,3 meses. Entre os 33 casos com câncer em estádio IV, não houve evidência de associação estatisticamente significativa entre a sobrevida mediana e CA19-9 ao diagnóstico (p=0,212), localização do tumor (p=0,482), primeiro tratamento realizado (p=0,337), invasão vasculo-linfática (p=0,286) e idade (p=0,152). No entanto, o número de linhas de quimioterapia foi significativamente associado com a sobrevida (log-rankp=0,013), com uma sobrevida mediana estimada de 10,2 meses para os pacientes que receberam até duas linhas de tratamento e de 23,5 meses para os que receberam mais de duas linhas.Conclusão A sobrevida dos pacientes tratados foi maior do que o relatado na literatura. O único fator estatisticamente significativo relacionado à maior sobrevida foi maior número de linhas de quimioterapia recebidas. Acreditamos que o nível socioeconômico dos pacientes pesquisados neste estudo, assim como seu maior acesso a opções de tratamento, pode ter influenciado em sua sobrevivência global.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Pancreatic Neoplasms/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Brazil , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Karnofsky Performance Status/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasm Staging , Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/secondary , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Survival Analysis , Time Factors
4.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(2): 221-225, Apr-Jun/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751414

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess adherence of the prescribing physicians in a private cancer care center to the American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline for antiemetic prophylaxis, in the first cycle of antineoplastic chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 139 chemotherapy regimens, of 105 patients, were evaluated retrospectively from 2011 to 2013. Results: We observed 78% of non-adherence to the guideline rate. The main disagreements with the directive were the prescription of higher doses of dexamethasone and excessive use of 5-HT3 antagonist for low risk emetogenic chemotherapy regimens. On univariate analysis, hematological malignancies (p=0.005), the use of two or more chemotherapy (p=0.05) and high emetogenic risk regimes (p=0.012) were factors statistically associated with greater adherence to guidelines. Treatment based on paclitaxel was the only significant risk factor for non-adherence (p=0.02). By multivariate analysis, the chemotherapy of high emetogenic risk most correlated with adherence to guideline (p=0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that the adherence to guidelines is greater if the chemotherapy regime has high emetogenic risk. Educational efforts should focus more intensely on the management of chemotherapy regimens with low and moderate emetogenic potential. Perhaps the development of a computer generated reminder may improve the adherence to guidelines. .


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão dos médicos prescritores, de um centro privado especializado em oncologia, à diretriz de antiêmese profilática da American Society of Clinical Oncology, no primeiro ciclo de quimioterapia antineoplásica. Métodos: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 139 esquemas de quimioterapia, de 105 pacientes, tratados no período de 2011 a 2013. Resultados: Foram observados 78% de taxa de não adesão à diretriz. As principais discordâncias com a diretriz foram prescrição de doses mais elevadas de dexametasona e uso excessivo de antagonista 5-HT3 para regimes de quimioterapia de risco emetogênico baixo. Pela análise univariada, malignidades hematológicas (p=0,005), uso de dois ou mais quimioterápicos (p=0,05) e regimes de alto risco emetogênico (p=0,012) foram fatores estatisticamente associados a maior adesão à diretriz. O tratamento baseado em paclitaxel foi o único fator estatisticamente significativo para a não adesão (p=0,02). Pela análise multivariada, a quimioterapia de alto risco emetogênico apresentou maior correlação com a adesão à diretriz (p=0,05). Conclusão: Houve maior aderência para a quimioterapia de alto risco emetogênico. Esforços educacionais devem se concentrar mais intensamente na gestão de regimes de quimioterapia com potencial emetogênico baixo e moderado. Talvez o desenvolvimento de lembretes gerados por sistemas informatizados possa melhorar a aderência à diretriz. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , DNA Damage , Recombinational DNA Repair , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/chemistry , Amino Acid Motifs , Amino Acid Sequence , BRCA1 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors , Cell Line , Chromosome Breakage , Conserved Sequence , DNA Repair , DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Deoxyribonucleases/metabolism , Histones/metabolism , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Ubiquitination , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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